The NEC PC-TV454 is a 14 inch-class shadow mask monitor that was manufactured c.1989. It's one of the most versatile monitors around, with RF/TV, two composite video and one s-video inputs, as well as digital RGB, 15/24/31kHz analogue RGB from three inputs (9- and 15-pin RGB, and 21pin RGB).
I've had mine since about 2003, but a few years back I wasn't paying attention and I put 5V through the V-sync input, frying the monitor's ability to work with RGB. It still works fine with video and s-video.
I recently started working on this again, when I started thinking the problem through:
Normally, when RGB mode is selected, the screen shuts switches to RGB mode and displays "RGB" as an overlay. But currently it just blanks the OSD and doesn't switch away from whatever mode it's in before the mode is changed. So instead of going from S-Video with 's-video' on the screen, the OSD just disappears and the s-video signal remains.
This led me to believe it was maybe one of the 4053 or 4066 analogue switching chips which had blown some inputs, or maybe whatever signalled those to switch had failed. If they're not switching to the correct input...
But which one?
The first thing I did was follow the sync line that I put 5V through. It went through a couple of 4053 switching ICs, which were rated for more than 5V, and then it disappeared into the depths of the CRT where it was much more difficult to follow.
So I focused on what I could reach. The next thing I tried was the cluster of four 4066 chips that do a lot of the signal switching. In order to understand what they did, I mapped out the control pins while cycling through each of the RF/vid/RGB modes.
PC-TV454-matrix.jpg
It's pretty straightforward, but there's an outlier. Normally the switching voltages are either ~8V or 0.04V, but when I select RGB mode one of the pins only goes from 0.04 to 0.2. That's below the 1V threshold required for switching between B1 or B2.
But B1 and B2 are audio, one from the RGB21 input and the other from the depths of the TV - probably from the tuner. So I backburnered this for now, but if I need to get back to it, this pin seems to be driven by Q6812.
Then I started tracing the whole input board, to try and get an understanding of what it was doing. It was not only taking the signals from the input panel, it was handling all the input and output controls too. This monitor has audio and video passthrough, and optional RGB output through RGB21, so not just inputs.
So I spent a few days making this:
PC-TV454b.png
It's not done and I'm sure there are still errors. I've been making corrections as I find them, often one signal leads to the same cluster of parts as another, and the errors from the first pass are pretty easily picked up.
And then I focused on the AN5352 chip. The JP/EN PDF is attached. It's a more complete version than the English one, and includes several testing circuits. Matsushita-AN5352N-2.pdf I also found the NEC µPC1397C, which is a drop-in replacement: NEC-uPC1397C_(AN5352).PDF
The AN5352 is a video overlay chip from Matsushita designed to overlay teletext on a TV video signal. It takes the TV (R-Y, B-Y, G-Y) lines and puts the RGB lines on top. In this monitor it's primarily used for switching between TV/Video and RGB mode. Interestingly it has a dimmer control to dim the TV and leave the RGB at full brightness, and this is tied to Ym on the RGB21 (https://gamesx.com/wiki/doku.php?id=av:japanese_rgb-21) - so if the connected device says 'dim the screen' it will do that.
Since the monitor was not displaying anything different when asked to go into RGB mode, I figured the AN5352 wasn't getting a signal on pin 12, which controls TV/TX. Sure enough, this didn't change when I probed it (it flickered, but nothing more).
But while tracing the circuit, I found that RGB21 pin 16 (Ys) was tied directly to this pin, and would force the AN5352 into RGB mode if it was high. I checked my stockpile of RGB cables and found that the official Playstation RGB cable used this pin, so I tried it. Sure enough, the monitor switched into RGB mode!
Sort of. The previous mode switched off but I still didn't get a display from the RGB input. The AN5352 was doing its job but it wasn't getting anything to show.
I'm pretty confident that the AN5352 works properly now, at least. But that was the last hope for finding a fault in the easily accessible board. The problem lies deeper in the monitor.
To be continued...
So I'm neck deep in this thing and I've got a photo of the bottom of the main board. This is the relevant part, showing the HD connector and pin 12. The red line shows where it goes, but all of this transistor voodoo is way above my skill level.
As near as I can tell this is connected, after several hops, to pin 47 of the uPC1880AC. I've found exactly one Japanese datasheet online, but it's so poor quality it's borderline useless. Google translate barely managed to describe pin 47 as 'direct sync input'. So, that makes sense so far.
PC-TV454-MainBoards.jpg
But short of pulling every component in the path of that signal and seeing if it still tests fine, I'm not sure what my next plan of attack is.
I'd really like to find a better datasheet for this chip, at the very least.
| 1 | Sample Hold ?? | 25 | |
| 2 | | 26 | |
| 3 | Mode Output 1 | 27 | |
| 4 | Mode Output 2 | 28 | |
| 5 | Mode Output 3 | 29 | |
| 6 | Mode Output 4 | 30 | |
| 7 | Mute ?? | 31 | |
| 8 | Mute Pulse Output | 32 | |
| 9 | ?? F/V ?? | 33 | |
| 10 | FBP Input | 34 | |
| 11 | Horizontal Pos Adj | 35 | |
| 12 | | 36 | |
| 13 | | 37 | |
| 14 | | 38 | |
| 15 | AFC Output | 39 | |
| 16 | AFC Output | 40 | |
| 17 | | 41 | H Sync Input |
| 18 | | 42 | |
| 19 | H Sync | 43 | Composite Vid In |
| 20 | | 44 | |
| 21 | Pulse ?? | 45 | |
| 22 | High Pressure Protect | 46 | Separated Sync Out |
| 23 | | 47 | Sirect Sync Input |
| 24 | | 48 | |